Thevharafu yegedhiivharuvhu yakajairika ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa.Inonyanya kushandiswa mukuchengetedza mvura, metallurgy uye mamwe maindasitiri.Kushandiswa kwaro kwakawanda kwave kuchizivikanwazed nemusika.Mumakore mazhinji emhando uye tekinoroji manejimendi uye kuyedza, munyori haana kungoita imwe tsvakiridzo pamusoro pekuonekwa kwevhavha yegedhi, asiwo nekushandiswa kwevhavha yegedhi, ndakaita zvakanyanya kungwarisa uye nekunyatso tsvagiridzo.
Izvi zvinotevera hurukuro huru pamusoro pekugadzirisa, kushandiswa, kugadzirisa matambudziko, kuongororwa kwehutano uye zvimwe zvikamu zvevhavha yegedhi.
Chimiro
Chimiro chevharafu yegedhi:Thevharafu yegedhiari avharafuiyo inoshandisa ndiro yegedhi uye chigaro chevharuvhu kudzora kuvhura nekuvhara.Thevharafu yegedhiinonyanya kuumbwa nemuviri wevharuvhu, chigaro chevharuvhu, ndiro yegedhi, hunde yevharuvhu, chivharo chevharuvhu, tsamba yekurongedza, kurongedza kuvharirwa chivharo, vharafu stem nati, ruoko.-vhiri, etc. Zvichienderana nekushandurwa kwechinzvimbo chehukama pakati pegedhi nechigaro chevharuvhu, saizi yemugero inogona kuchinjwa uye gwara rinogona kugurwa.Kuti uvhare vhavha yegedhi zvakasimba, ndiro yegedhi uye chigaro chevhavha zvakatsikwa.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chakasiyana chechimiro chegedhi revhavha, gedhi revhavha rinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: wedge uye parallel.
Iyo yegedhi ndiro yewedge gedhi vharafu iri muchimiro, uye nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso inorerekera kune yepakati mutsara wechiteshi.Wedge iri pakati peplate yegedhi nechigaro chevharuvhu inoshandiswa kuvhara (kuvhara).Iyo wedge ndiro inogona kunge iri gedhi rimwe chete kana gedhi kaviri.
Iyo yekuisa chisimbiso chevhavha yegedhi yakafanana inofananidzwa kune imwe neimwe uye perpendicular kumutsara wepakati wegedhi.Yakakamurwa kuva mhando mbiri: nzira yakazaruka uye isina-kuvhura michina.Pane gedhi rakapetwa kaviri rine mechani yakashama.Kana gedhi richidzikira, maweji emagedhi maviri anoenderana anotsigira magedhi maviri pachigaro chevharuvhu pamateru uye anocheka gwara rekuyerera.Kana gedhi richisimuka uye richizaruka, foshoro negedhi zvinobatana negedhi zvakaparadzaniswa, gedhi rinokwira kune imwe nzvimbo yakakwirira, uye wedge inosimudzwa ne con The double gate plate pasina nzira yakazaruka.Kana ndiro yegedhi ichitsvedza muchigaro chevharuvhu padivi pezvigaro zvevharuvhu zviviri zvakaenzanirana, kudzvanywa kwemvura kunoshandiswa kudzvanya ndiro yegedhi pamutumbi wevharuvhu parutivi rwevharuvhu yekubuda nayo kuvhara mvura.
Zvinoenderana nekufamba kwakasiyana kwechitsigiro chevharuvhu kana gedhi ravhurwa uye rakavharwa, vharanda regedhi rakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: yakavhurika-bar gedhi vharafu uye rima-bhari gedhi vharafu.Apo tsinde yevhavha uye ndiro yegedhi yevhavha yegedhi yakazaruka yakavhurwa kana kuvharwa, inosimuka uye inodonha panguva imwe chete;apo vheji yevhavha yevhavha yakazarurwa kana kuvharwa, tsinde yevhavha inongotenderera chete, kukwira nekudonha kwevhavha yevhavha haigoni kuonekwa, uye ndiro yevhavha inosimudzwa kana kuderedzwa.Mukana weiyo yakavhurika-bar gedhi vharafu ndeyekuti inokwanisa kutonga kureba kwekuvhura kwechiteshi kuburikidza nekukwira kukwira kwehunde yevharuvhu, asi inogona kupfupisa kureba kwekubata.Kana wakatarisana neruoko-vhiri kana mubato, shandura ruoko-vhiri kana mubato wakatarisa, uye vharuvhu yakavharwa.
Chiitiko uye musimboti wekusarudza wekushandiswa kwevhavha yechipiri gedhi:
01 flatvharafu yegedhi
Kushandisa flat gedhi valve:
(1) Oiri uye gasi rekutapurirana mapaipi, mavharuvhu egedhi rakatsetseka ane maburi ekuchinjisa zvakare akanakira kuchenesa mapaipi.
(2) Mapombi ekufambisa uye midziyo yekuchengetedza yemafuta akacheneswa.
(3) Oiri uye gasi rekuchera chiteshi chemidziyo.
(4) Mapaipi ane yakamiswa particle media.
(5) Urban gasi kutapurirana pombi.
(6) Chirongwa chekupa mvura.
Kusarudzwa musimboti weiyo flat gedhi vharafu:
(1) Pamapombi ekufambisa emafuta uye gasi, sarudza mavharuvhu egedhi rakati sandara ane gedhi rimwe chete kana magedhi maviri.Kana uchida kuchenesa pombi, sarudza vharafu regedhi rakati sandara rine gedhi rimwechete rine gomba rekutsauka.
(2) Papombi yekufambisa uye midziyo yekuchengetedza yemafuta akacheneswa, sarudza gedhi rimwechete risina gomba rekutsaudzira kana vharafu regedhi rine gedhi rakapetwa.
(3) Pazvishandiso zvepachiteshi zveoiri negasi, sarudza gedhi rimwe chete rine tsvimbo yakasviba inoyangarara chigaro chevharuvhu ine gomba rekutsaudzira kana vharafu regedhi rine gedhi rakapetwa.
(4) Pamapombi ane akarembera particle media, sarudza banga-akaita sebanga ndiro gedhi vharuvhu.
(5) Pamapaipi ekutakurisa gasi mumadhorobha, sarudza gedhi rimwe chete kana kaviri gedhi rakapfava rakavhurika tsvimbo rakafuratira gedhi vharafu.
(6) Pauinjiniya hwekupa mvura, sarudza ndiro imwe yegedhi kana kuti kaviri gedhi ndiro isina gomba rekutsaudzira rakavhurika tsvimbo yakafuratira gedhi vharafu.
02 chikamuvharafu yegedhi
Inoshanda zviitiko zvewedge gedhi vharafu: Pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzemavharuvhu, gedhi vharafu rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya.Iyo inowanzo inokodzera chete kuvhura kuzere kana kuvharwa kuzere, uye haigone kushandiswa kudzora uye throttling.
Ivhavha yegedhi yeweji inowanzoshandiswa munzvimbo dzisina kusimba kudiwa kwekukura kwekunze kwevhavha, uye mamiriro ekushandisa ane hutsinye.Semuenzaniso, kune yakakwirira-yekushisa uye yepamusoro-soro yekushanda yepakati, inodiwa kuti zvikamu zvakavharwa zvinofanira kuiswa chisimbiso kwenguva yakareba.
Kazhinji, kana mamiriro ekushandisa kana zvinodiwa zveakavimbika kuisa chisimbiso kuita, kudzvanywa kwepamusoro, kudzvanywa kwepamusoro-kubvisa (yakakura kudzvanywa musiyano), yakaderera kudzvanywa-kubvisa (kunyanya kudzvinyirira musiyano), ruzha rushoma, gomba remhepo uye vaporisation chiitiko, yakakwirira tembiricha yepakati. , kutonhora kwakadzika (kutonhora kwakadzika), zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa puncture gedhi valve.Semuenzaniso, kune akawanda mashandisirwo muindasitiri yemagetsi, kunyungudutsa petroleum, petrochemical, mafuta ekumahombekombe, engineering yemvura uye engineering yekuchenesa tsvina mukuvaka kwemaguta, uye indasitiri yemakemikari.
Sarudzo musimboti:
(1) Zvinodiwa zvemhando yemvura yevharuvhu.Ivhavhavha yegedhi inoshandiswa kumamiriro ekushanda ane diki kuyerera kupikisa, simba rekutenderera rakasimba, maitiro akanaka ekuyerera uye zvakasimba kuvhara zvinodiwa.
(2) Kupisa kwepamusoro uye high pressure medium.Zvakadai senge high-pressure steam, high-temperature uye high-pressure oil products.
(3) Kupisa kwakadzika (kutonhora kwakanyanya) pakati.Zvakadai semvura ammonia, liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen uye mamwe midhiya.
(4) Kudzvinyirira kwakaderera uye kukurusaizi.Zvakadai semapurojekiti emvura yemupombi uye mapurojekiti ekuchenesa tsvina.
(5) Kuisa chinzvimbo: sarudza yakasviba tsvimbo yegedhi vharafu kana iyo yekuisa kureba ishoma;sarudza yakazaruka tsvimbo yegedhi valve kana kureba kusingaganhurirwi.
(6) Chete kana ichigona kuvhurwa zvizere kana kuvharwa zvakazara, uye haigone kushandiswa kugadzirisa uye throttling, inogona kusarudzwa gedhi rekuvhara valve.
Zvikanganiso zvitatu zvakajairika uye kugadzirisa
01 Kukanganisa kwakajairika uye zvikonzero zvegedhi mavharuvhu
Mushure mekushandiswa kwevhavha yegedhi, matambudziko anotevera anowanzoitika nekuda kwekushisa, kumanikidzwa, kuora uye kushamwaridzana kwekufamba kwega kwega.
(1) Leakage: Kune mhando mbiri, dzinoti, kubuda kwekunze uye kwemukati.Iko kubuda kunze kwevharuvhu kunonzi kuvuza, uye kudonha kwacho kwakajairika mubhokisi rekurongedza uye flange yekubatanidza.
Zvikonzero zvekudonha kwebhokisi rekutakura: iyo yakasiyana-siyana kana yemhando yekurongedza haina kusangana nezvinodiwa;kuchembera kwekurongedza kana kupfeka kwevhavha stem;kusunungurwa kwegland yekutakura;kukwenya pamusoro pehunde yevharuvhu.
Zvikonzero zvekudonha pakubatana kweflange: zvinhu kana saizi ye gasket haina kuzadzisa zvinodiwa;iyo yekugadzirisa kunaka kweiyo flange yekuisa chisimbiso pamusoro haina kunaka;mabhaudhi ekubatanidza akasungwa zvisina kunaka;iyo pombi yekumisikidza haina musoro, zvichiita kuti iwedzere mitoro pakubatanidza.
Zvikonzero zvekubuda kwemukati kwevhavha: Kuputika kunokonzerwa nekuvhara kwevhavha yevhavha ndeyemukati mukati, iyo inokonzerwa nekukuvadzwa kwechisimbiso chekuvhara kwevhavha kana kuti lax midzi yemhete yekuisa chisimbiso.
(1) Corrosion inowanzoita ngura yemuviri wevharuvhu, chivharo chevharuvhu, dzinde revharuvhu uye chisimbiso cheflange.Corrosion inonyanya kukonzerwa nekuita kwepakati, uye zvakare kusunungurwa kweion mune mafiller uye gaskets.
(2) Kukwenya: kudhonzwa kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo kana kusvuura kunoitika kana ndiro yegedhi uye chigaro chevharuvhu chiri mukufamba kwakaringana pasi peimwe kudzvanywa kwechiyero chekubata.
02 Kugadziriswa kwevhavha yegedhi
(1) Kugadziriswa kwekunze kwekuvhara kwevhavha
Paunenge uchidzvanya chizadziso, bhaudhi repamusoro regland rinofanirwa kuyerwa kudzivirira kurereka kwegland, zvichisiya mukaha wekumanikidza.Paunenge uchidzvanya iyo yekuzadza, iyo tsinde yevharuvhu inofanirwa kushandurwa kuita iyo yekuzadza yakatenderedza valve stem yunifomu uye kudzivirira kumanikidza kubva pakufa, kuitira kuti isakanganise kutenderera kwehunde yevharuvhu, kuwedzera kupera kweiyo filler, uye kupfupisa sevhisi. hupenyu.Kumusoro kwechidzitiro chevharuvhu kunokwenywa, kuitira kuti svikiro rive nyore kubuda.Inofanirwa kugadziriswa kuti ibvise zvikwangwani pamusoro pevhavha yevhavha isati yashandiswa.
Nokuda kwekudonha kwekubatana kweflange, kana gasket yakakanganiswa, inofanira kuchinjwa;kana iyo gasket zvinhu zvisina kusarudzwa zvakanaka, zvinhu zvinogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa zvinofanira kusarudzwa;kana iyo flange yekuisa chisimbiso chepamusoro iri yehurombo hwekugadzirisa mhando, iyo flange yekuisa chisimbiso chepamusoro inofanira kubviswa uye kudzokororwa kusvika yave yakakodzera.
Pamusoro pezvo, kunyatsosimbisa mabhaudhi eflange, kunyatso gadzirisa pombi, uye kudzivirira mitoro yakawandisa pakubatana kweflange kunobatsira kudzivirira kuvuza pakubatana kweflange.
(2) Kugadziriswa kwemukati kuputika kwevhavha
Kugadziriswa kwekubuda kwemukati ndeyekubvisa kukuvadzwa kwechisimbiso chepamusoro uye kurembera kwemudzi wemhete yekuisa chisimbiso (apo mhete yekuisa chisimbiso ichiiswa pavharuvhu ndiro kana chigaro chevharuvhu nekutsikirira kana shinda).Kana iyo yekuisa chisimbiso yakanyatsogadziriswa pane yevhavha muviri uye valve plate, hapana dambudziko relax midzi uye kuvuza.
Kana nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso ichikuvadzwa zvakanyanya uye nzvimbo yekuvhara yakaumbwa nemhete yekuisa chisimbiso, mhete yekare inofanira kubviswa uye yakagadzirirwa nemhete itsva yekuvhara;kana nzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso ichinyatsogadziriswa pamutumbi wevharuvhu, nzvimbo yakakanganiswa yekuisa chisimbiso inofanira kubviswa kutanga, uye ipapo mhete itsva yekuisa chisimbiso kana nzvimbo yakagadziridzwa inofanira kuiswa panzvimbo itsva yekuvhara.Kana zvikwambo, mapundu, kupwanya, dents uye kumwe kukanganisa kwenzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso zvisingasviki 0.05mm, zvinogona kubviswa nekukuya.
Mudzi wemhete yekuvhara inobuda.Kana mhete yekuisa chisimbiso ichidzvanywa mukati uye yakagadziriswa, bhandi rePTFE kana chena gobvu pendi inogona kuiswa pazasi pechigaro chevharuvhu kana chisimbiso chemhete groove, yobva yadzvanywa mumhete yekuisa chisimbiso kuzadza mudzi wemhete yekuisa chisimbiso.Kana mhete yekuisa chisimbiso ichigadziriswa neshinda, iyo PTFE bhandi kana chena gobvu pendi inofanira kuiswa pakati peshinda Leakage pakati pemitsetse.
(3) Kugadziriswa kwevhavha corrosion
Kazhinji, muviri wevharuvhu uye chivharo chevharuvhu zvakaenzana corroded, nepo hunde yevharuvhu ichiwanzo kupinza.Pakugadzirisa, chigadzirwa chinopisa chinofanira kubviswa kutanga.Kune dzinde revharuvhu rine makomba egomba, rinofanirwa kugadziriswa palathe kuti ribvise kushushikana, kuchinjika kuita chizadzisi chine chinosimudzira-chinoburitsa agent, kana kuchenesa chizadziso nemvura yakadirwa kubvisa maion ari mufiller ane corrosive effect. pahunde yevharuvhu.
(4) Kugadziriswa kwemabrasions panzvimbo yekuisa chisimbiso
Panguva yekushandiswa kwevhavha, mabrasions pamusoro pekuvhara chisimbiso anofanira kudzivirirwa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, uye torque haifaniri kunge yakakura zvikuru pakuvhara valve.Kana mabrasions ari pachisimbiso chepamusoro anogona kubviswa nekukuya.
Kuonekwa kwemavharuvhu mana emagedhi
Mumusika wazvino nharaunda uye zvinodiwa nemushandisi, iron gedhi mavharuvhu anoverengera chikamu chikuru.Semuongorori wemhando yechigadzirwa, pamusoro pekujairana nekuyedzwa kwemhando yechigadzirwa, iwe unofanirwawo kuve nekunzwisisa kwakanaka kwechigadzirwa chacho.
01 Kuedza hwaro hwesimbi gedhi vharafu
Kuonekwa kwesimbi yegedhi vharafu kunobva pane yenyika standard GB/T12232-2005 "General valve flange yekubatanidza iron gedhi vharafu".
02 Kuongorora zvinhu zvesimbi gedhi vharuvhu
Inonyanya kusanganisira: logo, * diki rusvingo ukobvu, kumanikidzwa bvunzo, goko bvunzo, etc. Pakati pavo, rusvingo ukobvu, kumanikidzwa uye goko bvunzo zvinodiwa kuongorora zvinhu uye zvinokosha zvinhu.Kana pane zvinhu zvisina kukodzera, zvinogona kutongwa zvakananga sezvigadzirwa zvisina kukodzera.
Mushoko, kuongororwa kwemhando yechigadzirwa chikamu chakakosha chekuongorora kwese kwechigadzirwa.Kukosha kwaro kunobuda pachena.Sevashandi vemberi vekuongorora, isu tinofanirwa kugara tichisimbisa hunhu hwedu.Hatifaniri kungoita basa rakanaka mukuongorora kwechigadzirwa, asiwo tive nekunzwisisa kwezvinhu zvakaongororwa, kuitira kuti tive nani kuita basa rakanaka pakuongorora.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-23-2023