Sekambani inoona nezvekusvibiswa kwemvura, basa guru renzvimbo yekuchenesa tsvina nderekuona kuti tsvina yacho yasvika padanho repamutemo. Zvisinei, nekuwedzera kwemitemo yekuburitsa tsvina uye hutsinye hwevanoongorora kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, zvave zvichikonzera kumanikidzwa kukuru kwenzvimbo yekuchenesa tsvina. Zviri kuramba zvichiwedzera kuoma kubvisa mvura.
Sezvakataurwa nemunyori, chikonzero chakananga chekuomerwa kwekusvika padanho rekuburitsa mvura ndechekuti kazhinji kune mativi matatu akaipa muzviteshi zvetsvina zvemunyika yangu.
Chekutanga idenderedzwa renjodzi shoma (MLVSS/MLSS) uye huwandu hwakawanda hwetsvina; chechipiri idenderedzwa renjodzi remakemikari akawanda ekubvisa phosphorus anoshandiswa, ndiko kuwedzera kwetsvina; chechitatu iplanti yekurapa tsvina kwenguva refu. Kushanda kwemidziyo yakawanda hakugone kugadziriswa, zvichishanda nezvirwere gore rese, zvichikonzera kuderera kwesimba rekurapa tsvina.
#1
Denderedzwa rakaipa rekusashanda zvakanaka kwetsvina uye kuwanda kwetsvina yakawanda
Purofesa Wang Hongchen vakaita tsvakiridzo pazviteshi zvetsvina zvinosvika 467. Ngatitarisei data rekushanda kwetsvina uye kuwanda kwetsvina: Pakati pezviteshi zvetsvina izvi zvinosvika 467, 61% yezviteshi zvetsvina zvine MLVSS/MLSS iri pasi pe0.5, inenge 30% yezviteshi zvetsvina zvine MLVSS/MLSS iri pasi pe0.4.
Kuwanda kwetsvina ye2/3 yenzvimbo dzekuchenesa tsvina kunodarika 4000 mg/L, huwandu hwetsvina ye1/3 yenzvimbo dzekuchenesa tsvina hunodarika 6000 mg/L, uye huwandu hwetsvina yenzvimbo makumi maviri dzekuchenesa tsvina hunodarika 10000 mg/L.
Ndezvipi migumisiro yemamiriro ezvinhu ari pamusoro apa (kushanda kwemarara mashoma, kuwanda kwemarara akawanda)? Kunyangwe takaona zvinyorwa zvakawanda zvehunyanzvi zvinoongorora chokwadi, asi muchidimbu, pane mhedzisiro imwe chete, kureva kuti, mvura inobuda inodarika mwero.
Izvi zvinogona kutsanangurwa kubva pazvinhu zviviri. Kune rumwe rutivi, kana huwandu hwetsvina hwakwira, kuitira kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwetsvina, zvakakosha kuwedzera kuyerera kwemhepo. Kuwedzera huwandu hwemhepo hakungowedzeri kushandiswa kwesimba chete, asiwo kunowedzera chikamu chehupenyu. Kuwedzera kweokisijeni yakanyungudutswa kuchatora kabhoni inodiwa kuti ibvise hunyoro, izvo zvinokanganisa zvakananga kuchenesa hunyoro uye kubviswa kwephosphorus kwehurongwa hwehupenyu, zvichikonzera kuwanda kweN neP.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kuwanda kwetsvina kunoita kuti nzvimbo ine madhaka nemvura ikwire, uye tsvina inorasika nyore nyore netsvina yetangi rechipiri re sedimentation, izvo zvinovhara unit yekurapa yepamusoro kana kukonzera kuti COD neSS dzetsvina dzipfuure mwero wakatarwa.
Mushure mekutaura nezvemigumisiro yacho, ngatitaurei kuti sei nzvimbo zhinji dzetsvina dzine dambudziko rekushaya madhaka akawanda uye kuwanda kwemadhaka akawanda.
Kutaura zvazviri, chikonzero chekuwanda kwetsvina ibasa shoma retsvina. Nekuti basa retsvina rakaderera, kuti kuvandudza mhedzisiro yekurapa, huwandu hwetsvina hunofanirwa kuwedzerwa. Kuwanda kwetsvina kushoma kunokonzerwa nekuti mvura ine simba ine huwandu hwakawanda hwejecha retsvina, rinopinda muchikamu chekurapa chebiological uye rinoungana zvishoma nezvishoma, izvo zvinokanganisa mashandiro ezvipembenene.
Mvura iri kupinda ine tsvina yakawanda nejecha. Chimwe ndechekuti grille haipindi mvura zvakanaka, uye chimwe ndechekuti nzvimbo dzinopfuura 90% dzekuchenesa tsvina munyika yangu hadzina kuvaka matangi ekutanga emvura.
Vamwe vanhu vangabvunza kuti, sei tisingavake tangi rekutanga remvura? Izvi ndezve network yemapaipi. Kune matambudziko akadai sekusabatana zvakanaka, kubatana kwakasanganiswa, uye kushaya kubatana mu network yemapaipi munyika yangu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, hunhu hwemvura hune simba hwemasitendi etsvina hunowanzova nehunhu hutatu: huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura isina kuchena (ISS), COD yakaderera, chiyero cheC/N chakaderera.
Kuwanda kwezvinhu zvisina organic mumvura ine simba kwakakwira, kureva kuti, huwandu hwejecha hwakakwira. Pakutanga, tangi rekutanga re sedimentation raigona kuderedza zvimwe zvinhu zvisina organic, asi nekuda kwekuti COD yemvura ine simba yakaderera, nzvimbo zhinji dzetsvina hadzivaki tangi rekutanga re sedimentation.
Pakupedzisira, kusashanda zvakanaka kwetsvina inhaka ye "zvirimwa zvinorema nemambure akareruka".
Tataura kuti kuwanda kwemarara akawanda uye kushanda kushoma kuchaita kuti N neP zvakawandisa mutsvina. Panguva ino, matanho ekuita kuti nzvimbo zhinji dzetsvina dziite sedzakawanda ndeyekuwedzera manyuko ekabhoni uye maflocculant asina kugadzirwa. Zvisinei, kuwedzerwa kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwemanyuko ekabhoni ekunze kuchaita kuti kushandiswa kwesimba kuwedzere, nepo kuwedzerwa kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwemaflocculant kuchizoburitsa huwandu hwakawanda hwemakemikoro, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemarara uye kudzikira kwehuwandu hwemarara, zvichigadzira denderedzwa rakaipa.
#2
Denderedzwa rakaipa apo huwandu hwakawanda hwemakemikari ekubvisa phosphorus anoshandiswa, ndiko kukura kwekugadzirwa kwetsvina.
Kushandiswa kwemakemikari ekubvisa phosphorus kwakawedzera kugadzirwa kwetsvina ne20% kusvika 30%, kana kutopfuura.
Dambudziko retsvina rave riri dambudziko guru renzvimbo dzekuchenesa tsvina kwemakore mazhinji, zvikuru nekuti hapana nzira yekubuda nayo tsvina, kana kuti nzira yekubuda nayo haina kugadzikana.
Izvi zvinotungamirira kukuwedzera kwenguva yetsvina, zvichikonzera kukwegura kwetsvina, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakakomba zvakaita sekuwanda kwetsvina.
Dongo rakawedzerwa harina kuyerera zvakanaka. Nekurasikirwa kwetsvina kubva mutangi rechipiri remvura, unit yekurapa yepamusoro inovharika, simba rekurapa rinoderera, uye huwandu hwemvura yekugeza kumashure hunowedzera.
Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemvura inoshambidzwa kumashure kuchaita kuti pave nemigumisiro miviri, imwe ndeyekuderedza mhedzisiro yekurapa kwechikamu chekare chemakemikari.
Mvura yakawanda inodzorerwa mutangi remhepo, izvo zvinoderedza nguva chaiyo yekuchengetedza hydraulic yechivakwa uye zvinoderedza mhedzisiro yekurapa kwechipiri;
Chechipiri ndechekuderedza zvakanyanya mhedzisiro yekugadzirisa kwechikamu chekugadzirisa kudzika.
Nekuti mvura yakawanda yekugeza kumashure inofanira kudzoserwa kunzira yepamusoro yekusefa, mwero wekusefa unowedzerwa uye kugona kwekusefa chaiko kunoderedzwa.
Mhedzisiro yese yekurapa inova isina kunaka, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuti phosphorus neCOD zvese zviri mutsvina zvipfuure mwero wezvinodiwa. Kuti vasapfuure mwero wezvinodiwa, nzvimbo yetsvina ichawedzera kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinobvisa phosphorus, izvo zvichawedzera huwandu hwetsvina.
kupinda mudenderedzwa rakaipa.
#3
Denderedzwa rakaipa renzvimbo dzetsvina dzinogara dzichizara kwenguva refu uye kuderera kwesimba rekuchenesa tsvina
Kugadziriswa kwetsvina hakungobvi kuvanhu chete, asiwo pamidziyo.
Midziyo yetsvina yagara ichirwisa kushandiswa kwemvura kwenguva yakareba. Kana isingagadzirwe nguva dzose, matambudziko anomuka munguva pfupi. Zvisinei, kazhinji, michina yetsvina haigone kugadziriswa, nekuti kana imwe michina yamira, mvura inobuda inogona kupfuura mwero wakatarwa. Pasi pehurongwa hwefaindi dzezuva nezuva, munhu wese haakwanise kuibhadhara.
Pakati pemafekitori ekuchenesa tsvina yemumaguta 467 akaongororwa naProfessor Wang Hongchen, anenge maviri muzvitatu awo ane huwandu hwemvura inoyerera hunopfuura 80%, anenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chinopfuura 120%, uye mafekitori mashanu ekuchenesa tsvina yemuguta anopfuura 150%.
Kana mwero wemutoro we hydraulic wakakura kupfuura 80%, kunze kwemafekitori mashoma ekuchenesa tsvina akakura kwazvo, mafekitori ekuchenesa tsvina haagone kudzima mvura kuti igadziriswe nekuti tsvina yasvika padanho repamusoro, uye hapana mvura yekuchengetedza yekuisa mhepo uye yekusveta tangi rechipiri re sedimentation. Midziyo yakaderera inogona kugadziriswa zvizere kana kutsiviwa kana yabviswa mvura.
Kureva kuti, chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chenzvimbo dzetsvina hadzigone kugadzirisa michina iyi nepfungwa yekuti tsvina yacho inosangana nezvinodiwa.
Sekureva kweongororo yaProfessor Wang Hongchen, hupenyu hwemaaerators anowanzova makore 4-6, asi chikamu chimwe muzvina chezviteshi zvetsvina hazvina kuita basa rekugadzirisa maaerators kwemakore matanhatu. Chinokwenya madhaka, chinoda kubviswa zvinhu uye kugadziriswa, hachiwanzogadziriswa gore rose.
Midziyo iyi yagara ichishanda nekuda kwekurwara kwenguva yakareba, uye kugona kwayo kurapa mvura kuri kuramba kuchiipa. Kuti ikwanise kutsungirira kumanikidzwa kwemvura, hapana nzira yekuimisa kuti igadziriswe. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma kudaro, pacharamba paine sisitimu yekuchenesa tsvina ichawira pasi.
#4
nyora pakupera
Mushure mekunge kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kwagadzwa semutemo wenyika wenyika yangu, minda yemvura, gasi, yakasimba, ivhu nezvimwe zvakadzora kusvibiswa kwakawedzera nekukurumidza, pakati payo nzvimbo yekuchenesa tsvina inogona kunzi ndiyo inotungamira. Kusakwana kwedanho, mashandiro enzvimbo yekuchenesa tsvina apinda mudambudziko, uye dambudziko re network yemapaipi nemarara rave zvikanganiso zviviri zvikuru muindasitiri yekuchenesa tsvina munyika yangu.
Uye zvino, inguva yekugadzirisa zvikanganiso.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-23-2022
