Zvigadzirwa zvevharuvhu zvemusika wemagetsi akasvibirira

1. Simba Risina Kusviba Pasi Pose
Sekureva kweInternational Energy Agency (IEA), huwandu hwemagetsi akachena huchagadzirwa mumabhizimisi huchawedzera katatu panosvika gore ra2030. Simba rakachena riri kukura nekukurumidza imhepo nezuva, izvo pamwe chete zvinoita 12% yesimba rese remagetsi muna 2022, zvichikwira ne10% kubva mugore ra2021. Europe ichiri kutungamira mukuvandudza simba rakachena. Kunyange hazvo BP yakaderedza mari yayakaisa musimba rakachena, mamwe makambani, akadai seEmpresa Nazionale dell'Electricità (Enel) yeItaly neEnergia Portuguesa (EDP) yePortugal, ari kuramba achimanikidza. European Union, iyo yakatsunga kurwira US neChina, yakaderedza mvumo yemapurojekiti ekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza uku ichibvumira mari yakawanda kubva kuhurumende. Izvi zvakawana rutsigiro rwakasimba kubva kuGermany, iyo ine chinangwa chekugadzira 80% yemagetsi ayo kubva kumagetsi anogona kudzorerwazve panosvika gore ra2030 uye yakagadzira 30 gigawatts (GW) yesimba remhepo yekunze.

Simba remagetsi rinochengetedza nharaunda riri kukura ne12.8% muna 2022. Saudi Arabia yakazivisa kuti ichaisa mari inosvika mabhiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi matanhatu nematanhatu nemana emadhora muindasitiri yemagetsi anochengetedza nharaunda. Mapurojekiti mazhinji ari kuitwa neMasdar, kambani yemagetsi yeUnited Arab Emirates inoshanda kuMiddle East, Central Asia neAfrica. Kondinendi yeAfrica iri kutarisanawo nekushomeka kwesimba sezvo simba remagetsi rinodzikira mumvura. South Africa, iyo yakasangana nekudzima magetsi kakawanda, iri kusundira mutemo wekukurumidzira mapurojekiti emagetsi. Dzimwe nyika dzakatarisana nemapurojekiti emagetsi dzinosanganisira Zimbabwe (uko China ichavaka chiteshi chemagetsi chinoyangarara), Morocco, Kenya, Ethiopia, Zambia neEgypt. Chirongwa chemagetsi anochengetedza nharaunda cheAustralia chiri kufambira mberiwo, nehurumende iripo iri kuwedzera kaviri huwandu hwemapurojekiti emagetsi akachena akatenderwa kusvika pari zvino. Chirongwa chekuvandudza simba rakachena chakaburitswa munaGunyana wapfuura chinoratidza kuti mabhiriyoni makumi mana emadhora achashandiswa kushandura maindasitiri emagetsi emarasha kuita maindasitiri emagetsi anovandudzwa. Tichitendeukira kuAsia, indasitiri yemagetsi ezuva muIndia yapedza kukura kukuru, ichiwana kutsiva gasi rechisikigo, asi kushandiswa kwemarasha kwakaramba kusina kuchinja zvakanyanya. Nyika iyi ichatengesa mapurojekiti emagetsi emhepo anosvika 8 GW pagore kusvika muna 2030. China inoronga kuvaka 450 GW yemagetsi ezuva nemhepo ane simba guru munzvimbo yeGobi Desert.

2. Zvigadzirwa zvevharuvhu zvemusika wesimba rakasvibirira
Kune mikana yakawanda yebhizinesi mumhando dzakasiyana dzemavharuvhu. Semuenzaniso, OHL Gutermuth inyanzvi mukugadzira mavharuvhu ane simba remagetsi ezuva. Kambani iyi yakagoverawo mavharuvhu akakosha enzvimbo huru yemagetsi ezuva muDubai uye yakashanda semupi wezano kukambani yezvigadzirwa yeChinese Shanghai Electric Group. Pakutanga kwegore rino, Valmet yakazivisa kuti yaizopa mhinduro dzemavharuvhu enzvimbo yehydrogen yegirini ine gigawatt.

Zvigadzirwa zvaSamson Pfeiffer zvinosanganisira mavharuvhu anodzima otomatiki ekugadzira hydrogen isingakuvadzi nharaunda pamwe nemavharuvhu emiti ye electrolysis. Gore rapera, AUMA yakapa ma actuator makumi mana kune imwe fekitari itsva yemagetsi e geothermal mudunhu reChinshui muTaiwan Province. Akagadzirwa kuti agone kutsungirira nharaunda ine ngura zvakanyanya, sezvo aizosangana nekupisa kwakanyanya uye hunyoro hwakawanda mumagasi ane acidic.

Sekambani yekugadzira zvinhu, Waters Valve inoramba ichikurumidzisa shanduko yegirini uye kuwedzera kusviba kwezvigadzirwa zvayo, uye yakazvipira kutakura pfungwa yekuvandudzwa kwegirini mukugadzirwa nekushanda kwebhizinesi, ichikurumidzisa kuvandudzwa nekuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvesimbi nesimbi, zvakaita semavharuvhu emapururufuru (mavharuvhu eshavishavi akapfava, mavharuvhu eshavishavi ari pakati,mavharuvhu eshavishavi akapfava, mavharuvhu erabha, uye mavharuvhu eshavishavi makuru), mavharuvhu ebhora (mavharuvhu ehemispherical eccentric), mavharuvhu ekutarisa, mavharuvhu ekuburitsa mweya, mavharuvhu anorwisa kuenzana, mavharuvhu ekumisa,mavharuvhu egedhinezvimwewo, uye kuunza zvigadzirwa zvegirini. Sundidzira zvigadzirwa zvegirini pasi rose.