Munguva pfupi yapfuura, sangano reOrgan for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) rakaburitsa mushumo waro wemazuva ano wezvehupfumi hwepakati nepakati. Mushumo uyu unotarisira kuti kukura kweGDP yepasi rose kuve 5.8% muna 2021, zvichienzaniswa nefungidziro yekare ye5.6%. Mushumo uyu unofanotaurawo kuti pakati pehupfumi hwenyika dziri nhengo dzeG20, hupfumi hweChina huchakura ne8.5% muna 2021 (zvichienzaniswa nefungidziro ye7.8% munaKurume gore rino). Kukura kuri kuramba kuripo uye kwakasimba kwehupfumi hwenyika kwakatungamira kukura kwemaindasitiri emavharuvhu akadai semafuta negasi rechisikigo, simba remagetsi, kurapwa kwemvura, indasitiri yemakemikari, uye kuvaka kwemaguta, zvichikonzera kukura nekukurumidza kweindasitiri yemavharuvhu uye basa guru remusika.
A. Mamiriro ekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yemavharuvhu eChina
Kuburikidza nekushanda pamwe chete uye hunyanzvi hwakazvimiririra hwemakambani ekugadzira zvinhu nemapato akasiyana-siyana, indasitiri yekugadzira michina yemavharuvhu yenyika yangu mumakore achangopfuura yave iri mumavharuvhu emhando yenyukireya, mavharuvhu ebhora ane dhayamita yakakura akasungirirwa emapaipi egasi rechisikigo ari kure, mavharuvhu akakosha emagetsi ekupisa anonyanya kukosha, minda yemafuta, uye maindasitiri ezviteshi zvemagetsi. Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemavharuvhu emhando yepamusoro pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akakosha zvakafambira mberi zvakanyanya, uye zvimwe zvakawana nzvimbo, izvo zvisina kungotsiva zvinhu zvinopinzwa kunze kwenyika chete, asiwo zvakaputsa monopoly yekunze, zvichitungamira shanduko yeindasitiri nekusimudzira uye kufambira mberi kwesainzi netekinoroji.
B. Maitiro emakwikwi eindasitiri yemavharuvhu eChina
Indasitiri yekugadzira mavharuvhu muChina haina simba rekutengesa zvinhu zvitsva zviri kumusoro, huwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa zvemuno zvemhando yepamusoro zviri mumakwikwi emitengo (vharuvhu yeshavishavi yakatetepa,vharuvhu yeshavishavi yemakumbo, vharuvhu yeshavishavi yakapinza,vharuvhu yegedhi,vharuvhu yekutarisa, nezvimwewo) Uye simba rekutaurirana kweindasitiri iri pasi harina kukwanawo zvishoma; nekuenderera mberi kwekupinda kwemari yekune dzimwe nyika, mhando yayo uye tekinoroji Kupinda kwemari yekune dzimwe nyika kuchaunza kutyisidzira kukuru nekumanikidzwa kumabhizinesi emuno; pamusoro pezvo, mavharuvhu rudzi rwemichina yakajairika, uye zvigadzirwa zvemichina yakajairika zvinoratidzwa nekushanda kwakasimba, chimiro chiri nyore uye kushanda kuri nyore, izvo zvinoitawo kuti zvive nyore Kugadzira zvinhu nenzira yekutevedzera kuchakonzera kuvaka kwakaderera uye kukwikwidzana kusina kurongeka mumusika, uye pane njodzi yekuti kune zvimwe zvinotsiva.
C. Mikana yemusika weramangwana wemavharuvhu
Mavharuvhu ekudzora (mavharuvhu anotonga) ane mikana yakakura yekukura. Vharuvhu yekudzora, inozivikanwawo sevharuvhu inotonga, chinhu chinodzora muhurongwa hwekutakura mvura. Ine mabasa akadai sekuchekwa, kudzorwa, kuchinjika, kudzivirira kudzoserwa kwemvura, kugadzikana kwemagetsi, kuchinjika kana kuderedza kumanikidzwa kwemvura. Ndiyo imwe yezvikamu zvikuru zvekugadzira zvinhu zvine hungwaru. Minda iyi inosanganisira peturu, petrochemical, makemikari, kugadzira mapepa, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, simba, simba remagetsi, migodhi, simbi, mishonga, chikafu nezvimwe indasitiri.
Sekureva kwe "China Control Valve Market Research Report" yeARC, musika wemavharuvhu ekudzora emuno uchapfuura US$2 bhiriyoni muna 2019, nekuwedzera kwegore negore kweanopfuura 5%. Zvinotarisirwa kuti mwero wekukura kwegore negore wecompound uchave 5.3% mumakore matatu anotevera. Musika wemavharuvhu ekudzora parizvino unotongwa nemabhurandi ekunze. Muna 2018, Emerson akatungamira vharuvhu yekudzora yepamusoro-soro nemugove wemusika we8.3%. Nekukurumidza kwekutsiva kwemuno uye kukura kwekugadzira kwakangwara, vagadziri vemavharuvhu ekudzora emuno vane mikana yakanaka yekukura.
Kutsiviwa kwemavharuvhu ehydraulic mudzimba kuri kukurumidziswa. Zvikamu zvehydraulic zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana dzemichina yekufamba, michina yemaindasitiri nemidziyo mikuru. Maindasitiri ari pasi anosanganisira michina yekuvaka, mota, michina yesimbi, zvishandiso zvemichina, michina yekuchera migodhi, michina yekurima, ngarava, uye michina yepeturu. Mavharuvhu ehydraulic ndiwo zvikamu zvikuru zvehydraulic. Muna 2019, mavharuvhu ehydraulic akaita 12.4% yehuwandu hwese hwezvinhu zve hydraulic core components zveChina (Hydraulic Pneumatic Seals Industry Association), ine saizi yemusika inosvika mabhiriyoni gumi eyuan. Parizvino, mavharuvhu e hydraulic epamusoro-soro enyika yangu anovimba nezvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika (muna 2020, hydraulic transmission valve exports yenyika yangu yaive mamiriyoni 847 yuan, uye zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvaive zvakakwirira kusvika mabhiriyoni 9.049 yuan). Nekukurumidza kwekutsiviwa kwemunyika, musika wemavharuvhu e hydraulic munyika yangu wakura nekukurumidza.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-24-2022
