Vharuvhu isati yaiswa, bvunzo yekusimba kwevharuvhu uye bvunzo yekuvharwa kwevharuvhu zvinofanirwa kuitwa pabhenji rekuyera hydraulic valve. 20% yemavharuvhu ane low-pressure anofanira kuongororwa zvisina tsarukano, uye 100% anofanira kuongororwa kana asina kukodzera; 100% yemavharuvhu ane medium nehigh-pressure anofanira kuongororwa. Nzvimbo dzinowanzoshandiswa pakuongorora kumanikidzwa kwevharuvhu imvura, mafuta, mhepo, utsi, nitrogen, nezvimwewo. Nzira dzekuongorora kumanikidzwa kwemavharuvhu emaindasitiri kusanganisira mavharuvhu epneumatic ndeidzi:
Nzira yekuyedza kumanikidzwa kwevharuvhu remashavishavi
Kuedza simba kwevharuvhu remapuruguru rinobuda nemhepo kwakafanana nekwevharuvhu yepasi rose. Mukuedza kwekushanda kwevharuvhu remapuruguru, nzira yekuyedza inofanira kuiswa kubva kumagumo ekuyerera kwenzira, ndiro yemapuruguru inofanira kuvhurwa, rimwe divi rinofanira kuvharwa, uye kumanikidzwa kwejekiseni kunofanira kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa; mushure mekutarisa kuti hapana kubuda kwemvura pakurongedza nezvimwe zvisimbiso, vhara ndiro yemapuruguru, vhura rimwe divi, uye tarisa vharuvhu remapuruguru. Hapana kubuda kwemvura pachisimbiso cheplate kunokodzera. Vharuvhu remapuruguru rinoshandiswa kudzora kuyerera kwemvura haringaedzwe kuti rione kushanda kwesevha.
Nzira yekuedza kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu yekutarisa
Mamiriro ekuyedzwa kwevharuvhu rekuongorora: axis yedhisiki revharuvhu rekuongorora rinosimudza iri panzvimbo yakatarisana neyakatwasuka; axis yechiteshi chevharuvhu rekuongorora chinotenderera uye axis yedhisiki iri panzvimbo yakaenzana nemutsetse wakatwasuka.
Munguva yekuedza simba, nzira yekuedza inopinzwa kubva pakupinda kuenda kune yakatarwa, uye rimwe divi rinovharwa, uye zvinogoneka kuona kuti muviri wevharuvhu nechifukidziro chevharuvhu hazvina kubuda.
Mukuyedza kwekuvharisa, nzira yekuyedza inopinzwa kubva kumagumo ekubuditsa, uye nzvimbo yekuvharisa inotariswa kumagumo ekupinza, uye hapana kubuda kwemvura pakurongedza nepagasket kunoratidzwa.
Nzira yekuyedza kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu yegedhi
Kuedza simba kwevharuvhu regedhi kwakafanana nekwevharuvhu yepasi rose. Kune nzira mbiri dzekuedza kusimba kwevharuvhu regedhi.
①Vhura gedhi kuti kumanikidzwa kuri muvharuvhu kukwire kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa; wobva wavhara gedhi, bvisa vharuvhu yegedhi nekukasika, tarisa kana paine kubuda kwemvura pazvisimbiso kumativi ese egedhi, kana kuisa zvakananga medium yekuyedza mupuragi iri pachivharo chevharuvhu kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa, tarisa zvisimbiso kumativi ese egedhi. Nzira iri pamusoro inonzi intermediate pressure test. Nzira iyi haifanirwe kushandiswa pakuyedza kuvharuvhu dzegedhi dzine dhayamita iri pasi peDN32mm.
②Imwe nzira ndeyekuvhura gedhi kuti kumanikidzwa kwekuyedza vharuvhu kukwire kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa; wobva wavhara gedhi, wovhura mugumo mumwe weplate isina kuvharika, wotarisa kana nzvimbo yekuvharira iri kudonhedza mvura. Wobva wadzokera shure wodzokorora bvunzo iri pamusoro kusvika yakwana.
Kuyedzwa kwekusimba kwepakeji negasket yevharuvhu yegedhi remhepo kunofanira kuitwa bvunzo yekusimba kwegedhi isati yaitwa.
Nzira yekuedza kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu yekuderedza kudzvanywa
①Kuedza simba kwevharuvhu inoderedza kumanikidzwa kunowanzo unganidzwa mushure mekuedzwa kwechikamu chimwe chete, uye kunogonawo kuyedzwa mushure mekubatanidzwa. Nguva yekuedza simba: 1min yeDN<50mm; anopfuura 2min yeDN65～150mm; anopfuura 3min yeDN>150mm.
Mushure mekunge mvuto nezvinhu zviri mukati zvabatanidzwa, isa kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya ka1.5 kupfuura vharuvhu rekuderedza kumanikidzwa, uye ita bvunzo yesimba nemhepo.
②Kuedza kwekusapinda kwemhepo kunofanira kuitwa zvichienderana nechinhu chaicho chinoshanda. Pakuyedza nemhepo kana mvura, edza nekukasira ka1.1 pane kumanikidzwa kwemunhu; pakuyedza nemhepo, shandisa kumanikidzwa kwekushanda kwakanyanya kunobvumirwa pasi pekupisa kwekushanda. Musiyano uripo pakati pesimba rekupinda nekumanikidzwa kwekunze unodiwa kuti urege kuva pasi pe0.2MPa. Nzira yekuedza ndeiyi: mushure mekunge kumanikidzwa kwekupinda kwagadziriswa, gadzirisa zvishoma nezvishoma sikuruu yekugadzirisa yevharuvhu, kuitira kuti kumanikidzwa kwekunze kugone kuchinja zvakanyanya uye nguva dzose mukati mehuwandu hwepamusoro uye hushoma, pasina kumira kana kuvharika. Kune vharuvhu inoderedza kumanikidzwa kwemhepo, kana kumanikidzwa kwekunze kwagadziriswa, vharuvhu inovharwa mushure mekunge vharuvhu yavharwa, uye kumanikidzwa kwekunze ndiko kwakakwirira uye kwakaderera. Mukati memaminitsi maviri, kuwedzera kwesimba rekunze kunofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa muTafura 4.176-22. Panguva imwe chete, pombi iri shure kwevharuvhu inofanira kunge iri. Vhoriyamu inoenderana nezvinodiwa muTafura 4.18 kuti ikwanise kubvumidzwa; Pamavharuvhu ekuderedza kumanikidzwa kwemvura nemhepo, kana kumanikidzwa kwekupinda kwaiswa uye kumanikidzwa kwekubuda kwacho kuri zero, vharuvhu rekuderedza kumanikidzwa rinovharwa kuti rionekwe kuti rakamanikana here, uye hapana kubuda kwemvura mukati memaminitsi maviri kunobvumidzwa.
Nzira yekuyedza kudzvanywa kwevharuvhu yepasi rose nevharuvhu yethrottle
Pakuyedzwa kwesimba revharuvhu reglobe nevharuvhu rethrottle, vharuvhu rakaungana rinowanzoiswa mufuremu yekuyedzwa kwekumanikidzwa, dhisiki revharuvhu rinovhurwa, medium inopinzwa kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa, uye muviri wevharuvhu nevharuvhu zvinoongororwa kuti hazvina ziya here kana kuti hazvina kubuda. Kuyedzwa kwesimba kunogonawo kuitwa pachidimbu chimwe chete. Kuyedzwa kwekusimba ndekwevharuvhu rinovharwa chete. Munguva yekuyedzwa, tsinde revharuvhu reglobe riri mumamiriro akamira, dhisiki revharuvhu rinovhurwa, medium inounzwa kubva pasi pedhisiki revharuvhu kuenda pamutengo wakatarwa, uye kurongedza negasket zvinoongororwa; mushure mekupasa bvunzo, dhisiki revharuvhu rinovharwa, uye rimwe mugumo rinovhurwa kuti rione kana paine kubuda. Kana bvunzo yesimba nekubata kwevharuvhu ichizoitwa, bvunzo yesimba inogona kutanga yaitwa, uye kumanikidzwa kunoderedzwa kusvika pamutengo wakatarwa webvunzo yekusimba, uye kurongedza negasket zvinoongororwa; ipapo dhisiki revharuvhu rinovharwa, uye magumo ekubuda anovhurwa kuti aone kana nzvimbo yekuvharira iri kudonha.
Nzira yekuyedza kumanikidzwa kwevharuvhu yebhora
Kuedza simba kwevharuvhu yebhora inofema kunofanirwa kuitwa muchimiro chekuvhurika kwehafu yevharuvhu yebhora.
①Kuyedzwa kwekuvharwa kwevharuvhu yebhora rinoyangarara: isa vharuvhu muchimiro chekuvhurika hafu, isa nzira yekuyedza kumucheto mumwe, wovhara imwe mugumo; tenderera bhora kakawanda, vhura mugumo wakavharwa kana vharuvhu iri muchimiro chekuvharwa, uye tarisa mashandiro ekuvharwa pakurongedza negasket panguva imwe chete. Hapafanirwe kuva nekubuda kwemvura. Nzira yekuyedza inozopinzwa kubva kune imwe mugumo uye bvunzo iri pamusoro inodzokororwa.
②Kuyedzwa kwekuvhara vharuvhu yebhora yakagadziriswa: usati waedza, tenderedza bhora kakawanda pasina mutoro, vharuvhu yebhora yakagadziriswa inenge yakavharwa, uye nzvimbo yekuedza inounzwa kubva kumucheto mumwe kuenda kune kukosha kwakataurwa; kushanda kwekuvhara kwemugumo wekutanga kunoongororwa negeji yekumanikidza, uye kururama kwegeji yekumanikidza ndeye 0 .5 kusvika 1, huwandu hwacho hwakapetwa ka1.6 pane kumanikidzwa kwemuedzo. Mukati menguva yakatarwa, kana pasina chiitiko chekudzikisa kumanikidzwa, chinokodzera; wobva waisa nzvimbo yekuedza kubva kune mumwe mugumo, wodzokorora bvunzo iri pamusoro. Wobva waisa vharuvhu muchimiro chekuvhura hafu, vhara mativi ese, uye zadza mukati megomba nemeji. Tarisa kurongedza negasket pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemuedzo, uye hapafanirwe kunge paine kubuda kwemvura.
③Vharuvhu yebhora ine mativi matatu inofanira kuongororwa kuti ionekwe kuti yakasimba here panzvimbo imwe neimwe.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-02-2022
