Zvinhu zvinovhara mavharuvhu chikamu chakakosha chekuvhara mavharuvhu. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinovhara mavharuvhu? Tinoziva kuti zvinhu zvinovhara mavharuvhu zvakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: simbi uye isiri simbi. Zvinotevera ipfupiso yekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinovhara, pamwe chete nemhando dzevharuvhu dzinoshandiswa kazhinji.
1. Rabha yakagadzirwa
Hunhu hwakazara hwerabha rekugadzira senge rekudzivirira mafuta, rekudzivirira tembiricha uye rekudzivirira ngura huri nani pane hwerabha rechisikigo. Kazhinji, tembiricha yekushandisa rabha rekugadzira i t≤150℃, uye tembiricha yerabha rechisikigo i t≤60℃. Rabha inoshandiswa kuvhara mavharuvhu epasi,vharafu yegedhi yakagadzikwa nerabha, mavharuvhu ediaphragm,rvharuvhu yeshavishavi yakagarwa nehuku, rvharuvhu yekutarisa swing yakagadzikwa ubber (mavharuvhu ekuongorora), mavharuvhu ekupina nemamwe mavharuvhu ane kumanikidzwa kwemhando yepamusoro PN≤1MPa.
2. Naironi
Nylon ine hunhu hwe small friction coefficient uye inodzivirira ngura zvakanaka. Nylon inonyanya kushandiswa kuma ball valves nema globe valves ane tembiricha t≤90℃ uye nominal pressure PN≤32MPa.
3. PTFE
PTFE inonyanya kushandiswa kumavharuvhu epasi rose,mavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu ebhora, nezvimwewo. ane tembiricha t≤232℃ uye kumanikidzwa kwemhando yepamusoro PN≤6.4MPa.
4. Simbi yakakandwa
Simbi inoshandiswa pakugadziravharuvhu yegedhi, vharuvhu yepasi, vharuvhu yepuragi, nezvimwewo. yekupisa t≤100℃, kumanikidzwa kwePN≤1.6MPa, gasi nemafuta.
5. Babbitt alloy
Babbitt alloy inoshandiswa pakuvhara vharuvhu yeammonia ine tembiricha ye t-70~150℃ uye kumanikidzwa kwePN≤2.5MPa.
6. Chiumbwa chemhangura
Zvinhu zvakajairika zvekushandisa mu copper alloys i 6-6-3 tin bronze uye 58-2-2 manganese brass. Copper alloy inodzivirira kupwanyika zvakanaka uye yakakodzera mvura neutsi hwemhepo ine tembiricha t≤200℃ uye kumanikidzwa kwe nominal PN≤1.6MPa. Inowanzoshandiswa mumavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu epasi rose,mavharuvhu ekuongorora, mavharuvhu eplug, nezvimwewo.
7. Simbi isina ngura yeChrome
Mhando dzinonyanya kushandiswa dzesimbi isina ngura yechromium 2Cr13 ne3Cr13, dzakadzimwa uye dzakanyoroveswa, uye dzine simba rekudzivirira ngura. Inowanzo shandiswa mumavharuvhu emidziyo yakaita semvura, utsi nepetroleum ine tembiricha ye t≤450℃ uye kumanikidzwa kwemhando yepamusoro PN≤32MPa.
8. Simbi isina ngura yeChromium-nickel-titanium
Mhando yesimbi isina tsvina yechromium-nickel-titanium inowanzoshandiswa ndeye 1Cr18Ni9ti, iyo inodzivirira ngura zvakanaka, inodzivirira kukurwa kwevhu uye inodzivirira kupisa. Yakakodzera kushandiswa kwemhepo inopisa, nitric acid nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa pakupisa t≤600℃ uye nominal pressure PN≤6.4MPa, inoshandiswa pa globe valve, ball valve, nezvimwewo.
9. Simbi ine nitride
Simbi ine nitride inoshandiswa zvakanyanya i38CrMoAlA, iyo inodzivirira ngura zvakanaka uye inodzivirira kukwenya mushure mekugadzirisa carburizing. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muvharuvhu yegedhi rechiteshi chemagetsi ine tembiricha ye t≤540℃ uye kumanikidzwa kwemhando yepamusoro PN≤10MPa.
10. Kugadzira Boroni
Boronizing inogadzira zvakananga nzvimbo yekuvharira kubva muchinhu chiri muvharuvhu kana dhisiki, uye yobva yagadzirisa nzvimbo yekuvharira, nzvimbo yekuvharira ine simba rekuramba kupfeka zvakanaka. Inoshandiswa muvharuvhu yekuvhurira pasi yemagetsi.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-10-2022
