Mavharuvhu eshavishavi anoshanda sei?

Vharuvhu yeshavishaviimhando yevharuvhu inoshandisa chikamu chekuvhura nekuvhara dhisiki kuti idzorere 90° kuvhura, kuvhara kana kugadzirisa mwero wekuyerera kwepakati. Vharuvhu remashavishavi harisi chete rine chimiro chiri nyore, saizi diki, huremu hwakareruka, kushandiswa kwakaderera kwezvinhu, saizi diki yekuisa, torque diki yekutyaira, kushanda kuri nyore uye nekukurumidza, asiwo rine basa rakanaka rekudzora kuyerera uye hunhu hwekuvhara, uye ndeimwe yemhando dzevharuvhu dziri kukura nekukurumidza mumakore gumi apfuura. Mavharuvhu emashavishavishavi anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Mhando uye huwandu hwekushandiswa kwawo huri kuramba huchikura, uye huchikura kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya, kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, dhayamita hombe, kuomarara kwakanyanya, hupenyu hurefu, hunhu hwakanaka hwekudzora, uye mabasa akawanda evharuvhu rimwe chete. Kuvimbika kwaro nezvimwe zviratidzo zvekushanda zvasvika padanho repamusoro.

Nekushandisa rabha yekugadzira inodzivirira makemikarimavharuvhu eshavishavi, mashandiro emavharuvhu eshavishaviravandudzika. Nekuti rabha yekugadzira ine hunhu hwekudzivirira ngura, kuramba kukurwa kwevhu, kugadzikana kwehukuru, kusimba kwakanaka, kuumbwa nyore, mutengo wakaderera, nezvimwewo, rabha yekugadzira ine hunhu hwakasiyana inogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa zvakasiyana kuti ienderane nemamiriro ekushanda emavharuvhu eshavishavi.

Nekuti polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) ine simba rekudzivirira ngura, kushanda kwakasimba, haisi nyore kukwegura, ine coefficient shoma yekukweshana, iri nyore kugadzira, ine kugadzikana kwehukuru, uye inogona kuvandudza hunhu hwayo hwakazara nekuzadza nekuwedzera zvinhu zvakakodzera, chinhu chekuvhara vharuvhu remapuruguru chine simba riri nani uye coefficient yakaderera yekukweshana chinogona kuwanikwa, uye miganhu yerabha yekugadzira inokundwa, saka zvinhu zvepolymer polymeric zvinomiririrwa nePTFE nezvinhu zvayo zvakagadziriswa zvave zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya muvharuvhu remapuruguru, zvekuti mashandiro evharuvhu remapuruguru akawedzerwa kuvandudzwa.Mavharuvhu eshavishaviNekusiyana-siyana kwekushisa nekumanikidzwa, kushanda kwekuvhara kwakavimbika uye hupenyu hwebasa hwakareba zvakagadzirwa.

Kuti zvizadzise zvinodiwa zvemaindasitiri zvakaita sekupisa kwakanyanya uye kwakaderera, kudonha kwakasimba, uye kugara kwenguva refu, mavharuvhu esimbi anovhara mashavi eshavi esimbi akagadzirwa zvakanyanya. Nekushandiswa kwekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, kudzivirira kupisa kwakaderera, kudzivirira ngura kwakasimba, kudzivirira kuputika kwakasimba, uye zvinhu zvine simba rakawanda mumavharuvhu eshavi eshavi, mavharuvhu esimbi anovhara mashavi eshavi ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yemaindasitiri senge kupisa kwakakwirira uye kwakaderera, kudonha kwakasimba, uye kugara kwenguva refu, uye mavharuvhu eshavi eshavi ane dhayamita hombe (9~750mm), kumanikidzwa kwakasimba (42.0MPa) uye tembiricha yakakura (-196~606°C) akaonekwa, zvekuti tekinoroji yemavharuvhu eshavi eshavi yasvika padanho idzva.

Kana vharuvhu remashavishavi rakavhurwa zvizere, rine simba diki rekudzivirira kuyerera kwemvura. Kana gomba riri pakati pe15°~70°, rinogona kushandiswa kudzora kuyerera kwemvura, saka kushandiswa kwevharuvhu remashavishavi kwakajairika munyaya yekugadzirisa dhayamita hombe.

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Mavharuvhu eshavishavi akakodzera kudzora kuyerera kwemvura. Nekuti kurasikirwa nekumanikidzwa kwevharuvhu reshavishavi mupombi kwakakura, kanenge katatu kupfuura vharuvhu regedhi, pakusarudza vharuvhu reshavishavi, simba rekurasikirwa nekumanikidzwa kwehurongwa hwepaipi rinofanira kufungwa zvizere, uye simba replate yeshavishavi rekutakura kumanikidzwa kwenzvimbo yepaipi kana yakavharwa rinofanirawo kufungwa. Pamusoro pezvo, miganho yekupisa kwekushanda iyo zvinhu zvechigaro che elastomeric zvinogona kuitirwa pakupisa kwakanyanya inofanirawo kufungwa.

Vharuvhu remashavishavi rine hurefu hudiki uye kureba kwaro, kumhanya kwekuvhura nekuvharisa nekukurumidza, uye hunhu hwakanaka hwekudzora mvura. Mufungo wemashavishavi emashavishavi ndiwo wakakodzera kugadzira mashavishavi makuru. Kana vharuvhu remashavishavi richidikanwa kushandiswa kudzora kuyerera kwemvura, zvakakosha kusarudza saizi chaiyo uye rudzi rwevharuvhu remashavishavi kuitira kuti rikwanise kushanda nemazvo uye zvinobudirira.

Kazhinji, mukushandisa throttling, regulatory control uye matope, kureba kwechimiro kupfupi, kumhanya kwekuvhura nekuvhara kunokurumidza, uye kudimbura kwepressure yakaderera (musiyano mudiki wekumanikidzwa) kunodiwa, uye vharuvhu remapuruguru rinokurudzirwa. Mavharuvhu emapuruguru anogona kushandiswa kana paine kugadziriswa kwenzvimbo mbiri, dhayamita shoma, ruzha rwakaderera, cavitation uye vaporization, kudonha kudiki mumhepo, uye abrasive media. Pasi pemamiriro ekushanda akakosha, kugadziriswa kwe throttling, kana kuvharwa kwakasimba, kupera zvakanyanya, tembiricha yakaderera (cryogenic) uye mamwe mamiriro ekushanda.