Kukurukurirana ruzivo rwevharuvhu remashavishavi

Mumakore ekuma30,vharuvhu yeshavishaviYakatangwa muUnited States, ikaunzwa kuJapan kuma50s, uye yakashandiswa zvakanyanya muJapan kuma60s, uye yakasimudzirwa muChina mushure mema70s. Parizvino, mavharuvhu ebhururu anopfuura DN300 mm pasi rose akatsiva zvishoma nezvishoma mavharuvhu egedhi. Zvichienzaniswa nemavharuvhu egedhi, mavharuvhu eshavishavi ane nguva pfupi yekuvhura nekuvhara, torque diki yekushanda, nzvimbo diki yekuisa uye huremu hwakareruka. Tichitora DN1000 semuenzaniso, vharuvhu reshavishavi rine huremu hunosvika 2T, uye vharuvhu regedhi rine huremu hunosvika 3.5T, uye vharuvhu reshavishavi riri nyore kusanganisa nemidziyo yakasiyana-siyana yekufambisa, ine kugara kwenguva refu uye kuvimbika.

Dambudziko rechisimbiso cherabhavharuvhu yeshavishavindeyekuti kana ikashandiswa pakukwenya, kuvhunika kweganda kunoitika nekuda kwekushandiswa zvisina kunaka, izvo zvinoita kuti chigaro cherabha chibviswe uye chikanganiswe. Mumakore achangopfuura, China yakagadzirawo mavharuvhu esimbi akavharwa nemabhuruvhu, uye mumakore achangopfuura, Japan yakagadzirawo mavharuvhu ebhuruvhu akaita sekamu ane simba rekudzivirira kuvhunika, kudedera kwakaderera uye ruzha rwakaderera.

Nguva yebasa rechigaro chekuvhara jira rerabha ndeyemakore 15-20 uye makore 80-90 esimbi mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa. Zvisinei, kusarudza nemazvo kunoenderana nezvinodiwa nemamiriro ekushanda.

Hukama huripo pakati pekuvhurwa kwevharuvhu yeshavishaviuye mwero wekuyerera kwemvura unonyanya kuenderana uye wakaenzana. Kana ikashandiswa kudzora mwero wekuyerera kwemvura, hunhu hwayo hwekuyerera kwemvura hunoenderanawo zvakanyanya nekuramba kwekuyerera kwemvura kwepombi, zvakaita sekuti dhayamita nechimiro chemavharuvhu akaiswa mumapaipi maviri zvakafanana, uye mwero wekurasikirwa kwemvura yepombi wakasiyana, uye mwero wekuyerera kwemvura yevharuvhu uchasiyana zvikuru.

Kana vharuvhu iri mumamiriro ekukwesha kukuru, kumashure kwevharuvhu plate kunogona kuvhurika, uye pane mukana wekukuvadza vharuvhu, saka inowanzo shandiswa kunze kwe15°.

Kana vharuvhu reshavishavi riri pakati peburi, chimiro chekuvhura chinoumbwa nevharuvhuMuviri nemucheto wepamberi wepuratifomu yeshavibhurugwa zviri pakati pevharuvhu, uye mativi maviri aya anoumba mamiriro akasiyana, mugumo wepamberi wepuratifomu yeshavibhurugwa kune rumwe rutivi unofamba uchitevedza divi remvura inoyerera, uye rumwe rutivi rwunofamba ruchipesana nedivi remvura inoyerera, saka, muviri wevharugwa kune rumwe rutivi nepuratifomu yevharugwa zvinoumba mukana wakaita semuromo wemuromo, uye rumwe rutivi rwakafanana nemuromo wakaita segomba remutsipa, divi remuromo wemuromo rinokurumidza kupfuura divi remutsipa, uye kumanikidzwa kwepasi pesimba kuchagadzirwa pasi pevharuvhu yedivi remutsipa, uye chisimbiso cherabha chinowanzodonha.

Torque yekushanda kwevharuvhu remashavishavi, nekuda kwekusiyana kwekuvhura nekuvhura kwevharuvhu, kukosha kwayo kwakasiyana, uye vharuvhu remashavishavi rakatwasuka, kunyanya vharuvhu hombe, nekuda kwekudzika kwemvura, torque inogadzirwa nemusiyano uripo pakati pemusoro wepamusoro newapasi wevharuvhu haigone kuregeredzwa. Pamusoro pezvo, kana gokora rakaiswa parutivi rwekupinda kwevharuvhu, kuyerera kwemvura kunoumbwa, uye torque inowedzera. Kana vharuvhu iri pakati pekuvhura, mashandiro ekushanda anofanira kuzvivharira ega nekuda kwekushanda kwetorque yekufamba kwemvura.